WESLEY GUILD (SA): How the apostles pf Jesus Christ died?

Friday, 11 November 2011

How the apostles pf Jesus Christ died?

The only apostle whose death the Bible records is James (Acts 12:2). King Herod had James “put to death with the sword,” likely a reference to beheading. The circumstances of the deaths of the other apostles are related through church tradition, so we should not put too much weight on any of the other accounts. The most commonly accepted church tradition in regard to the death of an apostle is that the apostle Peter was crucified upside-down on an x-shaped cross in Rome in fulfillment of Jesus’ prophecy (John 21:18). The following are the most popular “traditions” concerning the deaths of the other apostles:

Matthew suffered martyrdom in Ethiopia, killed by a sword wound. John faced martyrdom when he was boiled in a huge basin of boiling oil during a wave of persecution in Rome. However, he was miraculously delivered from death. John was then sentenced to the mines on the prison island of Patmos. He wrote his prophetic book of Revelation on Patmos. The apostle John was later freed and returned to what is now modern-day Turkey. He died as an old man, the only apostle to die peacefully.

James, the brother of Jesus (not officially an apostle), was the leader of the church in Jerusalem. He was thrown from the southeast pinnacle of the temple (over a hundred feet down) when he refused to deny his faith in Christ. When they discovered that he survived the fall, his enemies beat James to death with a club. This is thought to be the same pinnacle where Satan had taken Jesus during the temptation.

Bartholomew, also known as Nathanael, was a missionary to Asia. He witnessed in present-day Turkey and was martyred for his preaching in Armenia, being flayed to death by a whip. Andrew was crucified on an x-shaped cross in Greece. After being whipped severely by seven soldiers, they tied his body to the cross with cords to prolong his agony. His followers reported that when he was led toward the cross, Andrew saluted it in these words: “I have long desired and expected this happy hour. The cross has been consecrated by the body of Christ hanging on it.” He continued to preach to his tormentors for two days until he died. The apostle Thomas was stabbed with a spear in India during one of his missionary trips to establish the church there. Matthias, the apostle chosen to replace the traitor Judas Iscariot, was stoned and then beheaded. The apostle Paul was tortured and then beheaded by the evil Emperor Nero in Rome in A.D. 67. There are traditions regarding the other apostles as well, but none with any reliable historical or traditional support.

It is not so important how the apostles died. What is important is the fact that they were all willing to die for their faith. If Jesus had not been resurrected, the disciples would have known it. People will not die for something they know to be a lie. The fact that all of the apostles were willing to die horrible deaths, refusing to renounce their faith in Christ, is tremendous evidence that they had truly witnessed the resurrection of Jesus Christ.

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Methodism

METHODISM In the 18th century churches in England were very discriminatory and were mainly formed by factory workers and mine workers. Scriptures were preached to them but they were never told about the love of God for them. John Wesley (one of the Anglican priest) with his brother Charles did not just confine themselves to preaching to the workers but went out of their way to preach to the crowds both rich and poor. The people heard and were converted and they formed a Christian group teaching people about faith and Christ. Rev John Wesley never intended to break up the Anglican Church and open his own church; his intention was to ensure that even the poor received the word of God. The people themselves left the Anglican Church and formed the Methodist church in 1795 after Rev John Wesley had died in 1791 still an Anglican. 1. The beginning of Methodism in S.A Methodism was started in Cape Town in 1806 by an organization of studies that met and conducted prayer meetings. As their numbers grew they wrote a letter to the head office in England asking for a minister. In 1814 the London Wesley Mission Society sent Rev John McKinney but he was not allowed to preach in Cape Town because the Dutch government was worried that he would split the Dutch reformed church. He spent 18 months in Cape Town frustrated because he was not allowed to preach and then eventually he sent Rev Barnabas Shaw. Rev Shaw arrived in Cape Town in 1861. As soon as he heard that he was to be sent to South Africa he started learning Dutch. On his arrival in Cape Town he was sent to preach to the heathen instead of the army. One of the members of the London Methodist Society in Namaqualand met with Shaw in Cape Town and advised him to go up to Orange River but Shaw stayed in Olifants River and opened a new station called Leliefontein. Between 1816 and 1826 he formed a strong church with Khoi-Khoi people. Between 1820 and 1825 he opened another station between Orange River and North East Namaqualand. In 1826 he was called back to Cape Town where he preached until his death in 1851. 2. The 1820 settlers The British government decided to increase the number of white people in Fish River with the hope of stopping the war between the Xhosa’s and the English. In 1820, 1600 families arrived in Algoa Bay and started the town that is now called Port Elizabeth. Amongst them was a Methodist minister, Rev. Shaw who stayed about 25 miles from Grahamstown where they built a small town called Salem. Grahamstown was the headquarters of the army in Eastern Cape. Near to this in Betheldorp and Graff-Reinet there were churches that were started by Rev Johannes van der Kamp from the London missionary society. Shaw was the only minister in Eastern Cape until the arrival of Rev Bathurst on Anglican minister in 1832. William Shaw did not just concentrate on Methodist but he preached the word of God to all people. He used Grahamstown as a mission in 1821. He used the English common of prayer to make the Anglicans feel at home. Methodists, Anglicans, Baptists and Presbyterians formed his first congregation. He did not only preach to the converted but he preached to the heathen as well. He had an inscript in Salem that said “There is not a single missionary between my residence and the Northern extreme of the Red sea”. In 1823 he started another mission called Wesley Ville between As soon as the congregation settled he started class meetings, an organization for local preachers and class leaders. He then opened a string of churches from Eastern Cape to Transkei as follows - Toworal South African Independence - The Cape of Good Hope and Grahamstown districts formed by and were supported financially by the British conference. New districts were later formed i.e.: 1853-Natal District 1863-Kaffrarian 1881-Transvaal All these 6 districts fell under the British conference. To promote unity and strength they met once every 3 years in a General meeting that was called the Trienial. In 1882 an attempt was made to form a South African conference of the Methodist but as Hewson says in his book “Introduction to South African Methodist” PG 84 “This was still, however not complete independence as South African conference was in union with and subject to the authority of the British conference “. 3. Union In the beginning of the 20th century there were 3 parts of the Methodist church. I) The Wesleyan Methodist church of Southern Africa This was formed by the districts that formed conference in 1882. II) The Transvaal and Swaziland District. This district was under the British conference and was supported financially by the British Wesleyan Methodist church. III) The primitive Methodist Mission The British started this section in Aliwal North in 1870 and Johannesburg in 1912. Most Methodist agreed that, it was not good to have three different sections of the Methodist church in one country operating differently. (1) There must be one church not many churches and differences do not conform to the word of God. (2) There must be a central Authority that will look after the needs of the Methodist church i.e. The Government not to have any powering the running of the church. (3) Money available to use to build new churches. The integration of these 3 sections happened in 1932 under the leadership of the Dutch Reformed church. NB Back page of 14: Structure of the Methodist church of SA. 4. Later Development of the Methodist Church The Methodist church has Societies Circuits and Districts. The Bishop and the chairman head districts. The conference is the high court of the Methodist church in all countries. 5. The Methodist belief 1) Methodism is practical Christianity 2) Involves purity of the soul that is shown by the fruits of the spirit e.g. Love; Peace etc Galatians 5.22. 3) Involves the whole community- has social dimensions. 4) Has 5 universals as follows I) Every man has a savior The greater sin that befall all human kind must be the main the focus to be fought above all other sins. The 1st catechism say “We are all born in sin if not for the grace of God we would all perish in sin ”St Paul in Romans 7.14-25 also speaks about this sin that govern our bodies .He says in verse 24 “Who shall save the from this body of sin”. II) Every man can find a Savior The Methodists do not believe that salvation comes by election and by birth (Calvinism) but they believe that all man can be saved and Salvation is free by the grace of God (Armenian). It is the Methodist wish that all must be saved because God’s grace is enough for all. III) Every man can know that he is saved. John Wesley first experienced salvation from the Moravians in a ship on his way to America. When the ship was almost sinking he was scared but the Moravians (under Rev Peter Bohler) were calm and carried on singing with their wives and children. Peter Bohler explained to him then that they were not scared of death because they were saved and believed in God without hesitation. IV) Every man can be saved to the uttermost The Methodist believe that all men can reach spiritual maturity where the body is one with the soul. This means that as we grow in faith and in our knowledge of God. We come close to the measure of the fullness of Christ. Eph 4:13. V) Every man can witness to his savior To testify about salvation is to spread the good news that we were saved by the blood of Jesus, so he can have eternal life. St Paul says in 2Cor 5:2 “we are ambassadors for Christ”. 6. The Methodist Way of Worshiping. I) Reading of Bible. The old and new Testament agrees. The promises made in the Old Testament are fulfilled in the new, because our Christology is rooted in Judaism. We believe the whole Bible is the word of God from the 1st book to the last book. II) Apostles Creed ( Ingxelo yenkolo-Ndiyakholwa) We believe the Apostles creed includes all aspects of the Christian belief and therefore we should strive to live our lives by it. III) Preaching Preaching is important because the word of God needs to be explained so it is easier for us to understand. Explaining and interpreting the scriptures is not easy, therefore we need to ask for guidance from the Holy Spirit before we attempt to. Peter and other Apostles got the power to spread the word after receiving the Holy Spirit at Pentecost. IV) Music Methodism was born in music. Charles Wesley, younger brother of John wrote the first Methodist songs e.g. (1) O For a thousand tongues to Sing (2) Jesus, lover of my soul (3) Let me to thy bosom fly (4) Grace to cover all my sin (5) Amazing love! How can it be? Other composers followed in Charles Wesley and produced other songs praising God and calling people to worship e.g. “Thixo akunangqaleko, Thixo akunangqibeko” H.H. Dugmore “Nzulu yemfihlakalo, Nzulu yesimanga” Mark Mbusi “Wakrazulwa ngenxa yami, Liwa laphakade” W.S. Davis “Rock of ages cleft for me, Let me hide myself in Thee” A.M. Toplady “Uyabiza ndiyanqwena,zundibize ndize nam” W.S. Davis “Hee! Ba nyoriloeng thong le tle metsing” F. Coibard “Sikuyo Indlela Yelizwe Lobomi” W.S. Davis “Siyakudumisa Thixo, siyakuvuma ukuba unguYehova” Te Deum Laudomas In the scriptures we see how the women sang, praising David after he killed Goliath (1 Psalms 18 6-7) and we see Paul and Silas in the Philippians prison singing in the middle of the door for the doors to open (Acts 16:25). John also in his vision of the Island of Patmos he saw elders, angels and the whole of creation singing songs of joy.

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Friday, 11 November 2011

How the apostles pf Jesus Christ died?

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